Best Vitamins for Optimal Brain Health

Essential Vitamins for Optimal Brain Function

Fueling Your Mind: The Essential Vitamins for Optimal Brain Function

A sharp mind, clear focus, and stable mood are all hallmarks of a healthy brain. While many factors contribute to cognitive well-being, the role of essential vitamins is undeniable. These micronutrients are fundamental to the very structure and function of our brain cells, influencing everything from memory and concentration to mood regulation. Key players in this cognitive orchestra include the B-vitamin complex, Vitamin D, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E, each with a unique and vital role.

Brain with B vitamins and antioxidants

The Powerhouse B Vitamins: Energy, Neurotransmitters, and More

The B-vitamin family, a group of eight water-soluble vitamins, is a powerhouse for brain health. They are intimately involved in the brain's energy production, the synthesis of crucial chemical messengers called neurotransmitters, and the maintenance of the very structure of nerve cells.¹

  • B-Vitamins and Energy: The brain is an energy-intensive organ, consuming about 20% of the body's total energy.² B vitamins, particularly B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), and B5 (pantothenic acid), are essential cofactors in the metabolic pathways that convert glucose into the energy brain cells need to function.¹

  • Neurotransmitter Production: Vitamins B6 (pyridoxine), B9 (folate), and B12 (cobalamin) are critical for the creation of neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and GABA.³ These chemicals are responsible for regulating mood, sleep, and focus. Inadequate levels of these B vitamins have been linked to mood disorders, including depression and anxiety.³

  • Myelin Sheath Formation: Vitamin B12 plays a crucial role in the formation and maintenance of the myelin sheath, a fatty coating that insulates nerve fibers and allows for rapid communication between brain cells.⁴ A deficiency can lead to nerve damage and cognitive decline.

Food Sources of B Vitamins:

  • B6: Tuna, salmon, chickpeas, poultry, and bananas.⁵

  • B9 (Folate): Leafy green vegetables (spinach, kale), lentils, beans, and fortified cereals.⁶

  • B12: Found almost exclusively in animal products like meat, fish, poultry, eggs, and dairy. Vegans and vegetarians are at a higher risk of deficiency and may need supplementation.⁷

The "Sunshine Vitamin": More Than Just Bone Health

Traditionally known for its role in calcium absorption and bone health, Vitamin D is now recognized as a critical neurosteroid that profoundly impacts brain function and mood.

  • Neuroprotection and Development: The brain has numerous Vitamin D receptors, indicating its importance in neural development and function. It is believed to have neuroprotective qualities, helping to shield brain cells from damage.⁸

  • Mood Regulation: Research suggests a strong link between Vitamin D levels and mood. Low levels have been associated with an increased risk of depression.⁹ Sunlight exposure is the primary way our bodies produce Vitamin D, but dietary sources and supplements can also contribute.

Vitamins to Fuel Your Mind

Food Sources of Vitamin D:

  • Fatty fish (salmon, mackerel, sardines)

  • Fortified milk and orange juice

  • Egg yolks¹⁰

The Antioxidant Guardians: Vitamins C and E

The brain is highly susceptible to oxidative stress, a damaging process caused by unstable molecules called free radicals. Antioxidant vitamins like C and E help to neutralize these free radicals, protecting brain cells from damage and supporting long-term cognitive health.¹¹

  • Vitamin C: This powerful antioxidant is found in high concentrations in the brain.¹² It plays a role in the synthesis of neurotransmitters and helps protect against the cellular damage associated with neurodegenerative diseases.¹²

  • Vitamin E: This fat-soluble antioxidant is crucial for protecting the fatty membranes of brain cells from oxidative damage. Studies have suggested a potential link between higher Vitamin E intake and a reduced risk of cognitive decline.¹³

Food Sources of Antioxidant Vitamins:

  • Vitamin C: Citrus fruits, berries, bell peppers, broccoli, and tomatoes.¹⁴

  • Vitamin E: Nuts (almonds, hazelnuts), seeds (sunflower seeds), and vegetable oils.¹⁵

Impact of Deficiency of Vitamins for the Brain

The Impact of Deficiency on Brain Health

A lack of these essential vitamins can have a significant negative impact on cognitive function. Deficiencies can manifest in various ways, including:

  • **Memory problems and "brain fog"**¹

  • Difficulty concentrating and focusing³

  • Mood swings, irritability, and depression

  • Fatigue and lack of mental energy¹

In severe cases, long-term deficiencies, particularly of B vitamins, can contribute to more serious neurological conditions.⁴

In conclusion, ensuring an adequate intake of these brain-boosting vitamins through a balanced and varied diet is a cornerstone of maintaining cognitive vitality throughout life. While supplements can be beneficial for those with deficiencies or specific dietary restrictions, obtaining these essential nutrients from whole foods is always the recommended approach for supporting a healthy and resilient mind.

Vitamin B12 – Helps with memory and concentration

The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for vitamin B12 is 2.4 micrograms per day for adults. However, many people fall short of this amount because most foods we eat today lack this nutrient. In fact, some studies suggest that the average American diet contains less than half the RDA for vitamin B12.

The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for vitamin B12 is 2.4 micrograms per day for adults. However, some people may require higher amounts depending on age, gender, pregnancy status, and other factors. For example, pregnant women should take 4.0 mcg/day.

The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for vitamin B12 is 2.4 micrograms per day for adults. However, some people may require higher amounts due to age, health conditions, medications, or other factors. If you are taking certain prescription drugs, talk to your doctor before increasing your intake of vitamin B12.

Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient that plays a role in nerve function and energy production. It is found naturally in meat, dairy products, eggs, and fish.

Vitamin D helps with mood

Vitamin D – Helps with mood and sleep

Vitamin D is also essential for healthy bones and teeth. It helps regulate calcium levels in the body and supports bone growth.

Vitamin D is important for maintaining bone health, which is why many people take supplements. However, vitamin D is also necessary for the body to absorb calcium from foods. Calcium is vital for building strong bones and teeth. If you don’t get enough vitamin D, your body won’t be able to absorb calcium properly.

Vitamin D has been shown to help people who suffer from depression and anxiety. A study published in the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry found that vitamin D deficiency is associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms. The researchers concluded that vitamin D supplementation could be useful for treating depression. Another study published in the journal Psychopharmacology found that vitamin D supplements improved sleep quality in patients suffering from insomnia.

The best sources of vitamin B12 include fish liver oil, eggs, milk, meat, poultry, and fortified cereals. However, if you are vegetarian or vegan, you should take a supplement.

Vitamin E – Helps with learning and memory

Vitamin E is one of the most powerful antioxidants available. It helps protect cells against damage caused by free radicals. Free radicals are unstable molecules that cause cell damage. This damage can lead to diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s.

Vitamin E is one of the most important antioxidants in our body. It has been shown to help prevent cell damage from oxidation and inflammation. It also plays a role in maintaining normal blood flow throughout the body.

Vitamin E is one of the most important antioxidants in our bodies. It helps protect cell membranes from oxidative stress and aids in maintaining normal cellular function. Vitamin E has been shown to help prevent Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia.

Vitamin E is one of the most important antioxidants in our bodies. It has been shown to help prevent cell damage from oxidation and inflammation. It also supports the immune system and helps protect against cancer.

Vitamins and Brain Health

Omega 3 Fatty Acids – Helps with mental health

There are two main types of omega-3 fatty acids: DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid). Both are essential nutrients because our bodies cannot produce them. However, only fish oil contains both DHA and EPA. Fish oil also has other benefits, including helping prevent cardiovascular disease and some cancers.

The omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil help protect the brain from oxidative stress, which occurs when there is too much oxygen in the body. Oxidative stress has been linked to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases.

The omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil help protect the brain from oxidative stress, which occurs when there is too much oxygen in the body. Oxidative stress has been linked to Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and other neurological disorders.

The omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil help protect the brain from oxidative stress, which occurs when there is too much oxygen present in the body. Oxidative stress has been linked to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and other neurological disorders.

Folic Acid – Helps with brain development

Folate is another nutrient that helps support healthy brain function. It’s found naturally in foods such as leafy greens, beans, peas, lentils, nuts, seeds, and whole grains. In addition to being an important part of the B vitamin family, folate plays a role in DNA synthesis and cell division.

The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for folic acid is 400 micrograms per day for women and 600 micrograms per day men. However, some experts recommend taking 1,000 micrograms per day.

The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for folic acid is 400 micrograms per day. However, some experts recommend taking 1,000 mcg per day because it has been shown to help prevent birth defects.

The recommended daily intake of folic acid is 400 micrograms per day for women and 600 micrograms per day men. However, most people get less than half of this amount from their diet. In fact, many Americans consume less than 100 micrograms of folic acid each day.

Vitamins and antioxidants for healthy brain health

Important Vitamins during Placenta Encapsulation

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Vitamin Placenta

Placental Vitamins for the Brain

What vitamins in placenta can benefit the brain?

There is a wide variety of vitamins contained within the placenta for the brain that have been shown to be effective in improving cognitive function. Some of the most important vitamins for the brain include vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin E. These vitamins are essential for maintaining healthy brain function and preventing cognitive decline.
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Vitamin B12 is important for maintaining the health of the brain's nerve cells. It is also essential for producing the neurotransmitter serotonin, which is important for mood and cognitive function. Vitamin C is important for maintaining healthy cognitive function and preventing age-related cognitive decline. Vitamin E is important for protecting the brain from damage and helping to maintain cognitive function.
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There are many other vitamins and minerals that are important for the brain, including the B vitamins, vitamin D, magnesium, and zinc. These vitamins and minerals work together to promote healthy brain function and prevent cognitive decline.
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So, what are vitamins for the brain? They are essential nutrients that are important for maintaining cognitive function and preventing cognitive decline. Those can be found in placental tissue and are present in placenta pills containing extract derived from porcine sources among other mammalian species.
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Placenta capsules benefit the brain by presenting vitamins to people when swallowed and absorption happens primarily in the small intestines. Most mammals consume their placenta, however humans have not until recently begin to follow this tradition, which now allows women to recover faster from pregnancy by providing her with nutrients and vitamins lost during the pregnancy process.
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Through placenta supplements like Vitamin Placenta, pregnant women who give birth can recover from pregnancy faster than ever before, and are able to do so in a safer way which will not require additional artificial supplementation of any vitamin or nutrient, primarily because those extra nutrients are already contained in sufficient quantities from the placental product being consumed. Therefore, choosing the best placental supplement is key to faster recover in the postpartum period.
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When comparing placenta pills made from a women's placenta to those from a company selling standardized products from animal placenta, the best choice  depends on whether the animal placenta is sourced from porcine and/or contains an extract which has undergone rigorous third-party verification. If not, it is recommended to consume a women's own placenta pills, however this carries danger of bacteria being transmitted to the baby due to placenta encapsulation practices of untrained doulas. Therefore, standardized products from reputable companies like Placenta Products are always going to be the safest and most recommended option.
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B-vitamins for brain health

What are the benefits of taking vitamins for the brain?

There are many benefits of taking vitamins for the brain. Some of the most important benefits include improved cognitive function, better memory, reduced anxiety and depression, and enhanced focus and concentration. Taking vitamins for the brain can also help protect against age-related cognitive decline and dementia.
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Some of the best vitamins for the brain include B vitamins, vitamin C, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids. These vitamins and nutrients play important roles in maintaining cognitive health and function.
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B vitamins are essential for the health of the brain and nervous system. They help support cognitive function and memory, and reduce the risk of age-related cognitive decline. B vitamins also help reduce anxiety and stress.
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Vitamin C is important for cognitive health and function. It helps protect the brain from damage and inflammation, and supports the formation of new neurons. Vitamin C is also essential for healthy brain function during aging.
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Vitamin D is important for cognitive health and function. It helps protect the brain from damage and inflammation, and supports the formation of new neurons. Vitamin D is also essential for healthy brain function during aging.
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Omega-3 fatty acids are important for cognitive health and function. They help protect the brain from damage and inflammation, and support the formation of new neurons. Omega-3 fatty acids are also essential for healthy brain function during aging.
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Top antioxidants for brain health

What are the best vitamins for the brain?

There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the best vitamins for the brain depend on the individual's specific needs. However, some of the most important vitamins for the brain include vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids.
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Vitamin B12 is essential for the proper function of the brain and nervous system. It helps to maintain cognitive function and memory, and it may also reduce the risk of age-related cognitive decline. Vitamin C is important for maintaining healthy brain function and protecting the brain from damage.
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Vitamin D is essential for cognitive function and may help to prevent Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia. Omega-3 fatty acids are important for cognitive function and brain health, and they may also help to protect the brain from damage.

How can I improve my brain function with vitamins?

The human brain is a complex organ that performs many vital functions. It is responsible for controlling our thoughts, emotions, and movements. It also helps us to process information and remember things. The brain is constantly at work, even when we are asleep.
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Our brains need the right nutrients to function properly. Vitamins and minerals are essential for healthy brain function. Some vitamins and minerals are particularly important for brain health.
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The B vitamins are essential for brain health. B vitamins help to produce energy and support nerve function. They also play a role in mood regulation. B vitamins are found in many foods, including meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, legumes, and nuts.
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The vitamin C is also important for brain health. It helps to protect the brain from damage caused by free radicals. Vitamin C is found in many fruits and vegetables, including oranges, grapefruit, broccoli, and strawberries.
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The mineral zinc is also important for brain health. It helps to support cognitive function and memory. Zinc is found in many foods, including meat, poultry, fish, legumes, and nuts.
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If you want to keep your brain healthy, make sure to include plenty of foods rich in vitamins and minerals in your diet. You can also take vitamin and mineral supplements to ensure that you are getting the nutrients your brain needs.
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Vitamins and Minerals

Eat foods rich in vitamins and minerals to support cognitive health

The brain is a complex organ that relies on an abundance of nutrients to function optimally. Eating foods rich in vitamins and minerals is a great way to support cognitive health and protect the brain from age-related decline. Some of the most important vitamins and minerals for cognitive health include:

Vitamin B12: 

This vitamin is important for healthy brain function and cognitive health. It is found in animal-based foods, such as meat, poultry, fish, and eggs. Vitamin D: This vitamin is important for cognitive function and overall health. It is found in fatty fish, such as salmon, and in fortified foods like milk and cereal.
This vitamin is important for cognitive function and overall health. It is found in fatty fish, such as salmon, and in fortified foods like milk and cereal. Omega-3 fatty acids: These fatty acids are important for cognitive health and development. They are found in fatty fish, such as salmon, and in walnuts and flaxseeds.
These fatty acids are important for cognitive health and development. They are found in fatty fish, such as salmon, and in walnuts and flaxseeds. Antioxidants: These nutrients protect the brain from damage caused by free radicals. Antioxidants are found in fruits and vegetables, especially brightly colored fruits and vegetables.
These nutrients protect the brain from damage caused by free radicals. Antioxidants are found in fruits and vegetables, especially brightly colored fruits and vegetables. Iron: This mineral is important for cognitive health and energy production. Iron is found in meat, poultry, fish, and fortified foods.
This mineral is important for cognitive health and energy production. Iron is found in meat, poultry, fish, and fortified foods. Zinc: This mineral is important for cognitive health and immunity. Zinc is found in meat, poultry, and seafood.

In addition to eating foods rich in these vitamins and minerals, it is also important to stay hydrated. Drinking plenty of water can help keep the brain functioning at its best.
Multivitamin for nutrients

Take a multivitamin every day to ensure you're getting all the nutrients you need

Vitamins are essential for the proper function of the human body. There are many different types of vitamins, and each has a specific role to play in keeping us healthy. Some vitamins are particularly important for the health of the brain.
The B vitamins are essential for the health of the brain. B vitamins help to keep the nervous system functioning properly, and they play a role in the production of neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that allow the brain to communicate with the rest of the body. They are responsible for transmitting signals between nerve cells, and they are essential for the proper function of the brain.
The B vitamins are also essential for the health of the eyes. They help to protect the eyes from damage, and they play a role in the production of the pigment that gives the eye its color.
The B vitamins are also essential for the health of the skin. They help to keep the skin healthy and protect it from the sun's harmful rays.
The B vitamins are essential for the overall health of the body, and they are particularly important for the health of the brain. Make sure that you are getting all of the B vitamins that you need by taking a multivitamin every day.

Natural Vitamins for the Brain from Fruits

Increase intake of fruits and vegetables

The health of your brain is important, and there are many things that you can do to keep your brain healthy and functioning well. One important way to keep your brain healthy is to make sure that you are getting enough vitamins and minerals. There are many different vitamins and minerals that are important for brain health, and below are some of the most important ones.
Vitamin B12 is important for the health of your brain and nervous system. It helps to keep your nerve cells healthy, and it is also important for the production of DNA. Vitamin B12 can be found in meat, poultry, fish, and dairy products.
Folic acid is another important vitamin for brain health. It helps to prevent birth defects, and it is also important for the development of the brain and nervous system. Folic acid can be found in leafy green vegetables, legumes, and fortified foods.
Vitamin C is important for the health of your brain and nervous system. It helps to protect your cells from damage, and it is also important for the synthesis of neurotransmitters. Vitamin C can be found in fruits and vegetables, especially citrus fruits and berries.
Iron is important for the health of your brain and nervous system. It helps to carry oxygen to your brain, and it is also important for the production of neurotransmitters. Iron can be found in meat, poultry, fish, and legumes.

Zinc is important for the health of your brain and nervous system. It helps to support the function of your brain cells, and it is also important for the production of neurotransmitters. Zinc can be found in meat, poultry, fish, and legumes.
If you are not getting enough of these important vitamins and minerals from your diet, you may want to consider taking a multivitamin or mineral supplement. Be sure to talk to your doctor before starting any supplements, as they can interact with other medications that you may be taking.
Multivitamin

Take a multivitamin

Multivitamins are a good way to make sure you’re getting all the nutrients you need each day. They can help improve your overall health, including your brain health. The brain needs a variety of vitamins and minerals to function properly, including B vitamins, vitamin C, vitamin E, and zinc.
Multivitamins can help ensure you’re getting enough of these key nutrients. Some also include omega-3 fatty acids, which are important for brain health. Omega-3s help keep the brain healthy by protecting cells from damage and helping to create new neurons.
Multivitamins can also help improve mental performance. B vitamins are essential for energy production and cognitive function, and vitamin C helps protect the brain from damage.
If you’re looking for a multivitamin that specifically supports brain health, try a product that contains omega-3s, B vitamins, and vitamin C.
Omega for brain health

Include omega-3 fatty acids in your diet

The human brain is a complex organ that requires a number of essential nutrients in order to function properly. While there are many different nutrients that are important for brain health, some of the most important are vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids.
Vitamins are essential for the brain because they help to support the nervous system. Some of the most important vitamins for brain health include vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin E. These vitamins are important for maintaining the health of the brain's nerve cells and helping to protect them from damage.
Omega-3 fatty acids are also important for brain health. These fatty acids are essential for the development and function of the brain. They are especially important for the development of the brain in children and infants. Omega-3 fatty acids are also important for cognitive function and memory.
Including plenty of vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids in your diet is important for maintaining healthy brain function. You can get these nutrients from a variety of different foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish.

healthy brain food

Avoid unhealthy foods

Vitamins are essential for the health of your brain and body. The best way to get all the vitamins you need is by eating a variety of healthy foods. However, if you don’t get all the vitamins you need from your diet, you can take a vitamin supplement.
Some vitamins are especially important for your brain. Here are the five most important vitamins for brain health:

1. Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 is important for the health of your brain and nervous system. It helps keep your brain cells healthy and can protect your brain from damage caused by Alzheimer’s disease and other neurological disorders.

2. Vitamin D

Vitamin D is important for the development and function of your brain. It helps protect your brain from age-related decline and can improve your cognitive function.

3. Vitamin E

Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that helps protect your brain from damage caused by free radicals. It can also help improve your memory and cognitive function.

4. Omega-3 fatty acids

Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for the health of your brain. They help protect your brain from damage caused by inflammation and can improve your cognitive function and memory.

5. Antioxidants

Antioxidants are important for the health of your brain and body. They help protect your cells from damage caused by free radicals and can help reduce the risk of age-related decline.


Several vitamins play a crucial role in supporting brain function, including memory, focus, mood, and overall cognitive health.

Here’s a breakdown of the most important ones:

Top Vitamins for Brain Function


🧠 Top Vitamins for Brain Function

1. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)

  • Benefits: Helps convert glucose into energy for brain cells.

  • Deficiency Effects: Fatigue, irritability, memory problems.

2. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

  • Benefits: Supports neurotransmitter production (serotonin, dopamine, GABA).

  • Deficiency Effects: Depression, confusion, weakened immune function.

3. Vitamin B9 (Folate/Folic Acid)

  • Benefits: Essential for DNA/RNA synthesis and neurotransmitter function.

  • Deficiency Effects: Cognitive decline, mood disorders.

4. Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)

  • Benefits: Crucial for nerve health, red blood cell formation, and brain signaling.

  • Deficiency Effects: Memory loss, fatigue, brain fog, even irreversible nerve damage if untreated.

5. Vitamin D

  • Benefits: Plays a role in neuroprotection and mood regulation.

  • Deficiency Effects: Linked to depression, poor cognitive performance, and neurodegeneration.

6. Vitamin C

  • Benefits: Powerful antioxidant that protects the brain from oxidative stress and supports neurotransmitter synthesis.

  • Deficiency Effects: Fatigue, mental sluggishness, and mood swings.

7. Vitamin E

  • Benefits: Antioxidant that protects brain cells from free radical damage; may slow cognitive decline.

  • Deficiency Effects: Neurological issues and impaired balance and coordination.


🧬 Bonus Nutrients for Brain Health

  • Omega-3 Fatty Acids (DHA & EPA): Not a vitamin, but vital for brain structure and function.

  • Magnesium: Supports synaptic plasticity and helps regulate neurotransmitters.

  • Choline: Precursor to acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in memory and learning.

Essential Vitamins

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References

  1. Kennedy, D. O. (2016). B Vitamins and the Brain: Mechanisms, Dose and Efficacy—A Review. Nutrients, 8(2), 68.

  2. Raichle, M. E., & Gusnard, D. A. (2002). Appraising the brain's energy budget. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99(16), 10237–10239.1

  3. Mikkelsen, K., Stojanovska, L., & Apostolopoulos, V. (2016). The Effects of Vitamin B in Depression. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 23(38), 4317–4337.2

  4. Scalabrino, G. (2009). The multi-faceted basis of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) neurotrophism in adult central nervous system: A review. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 276(1-2), 30-38.

  5. National Institutes of Health. (2024). Vitamin B6: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. Office of Dietary Supplements.

  6. National Institutes of Health. (2024). Folate: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. Office of Dietary Supplements.

  7. National Institutes of Health. (2024). Vitamin B12: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. Office of Dietary Supplements.

  8. Cui, X., Gooch, H., Groves, N. J., & Burne, T. H. (2017). Vitamin D and the brain: genomic and non-genomic actions. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 453, 131-143.

  9. Anglin, R. E., Samaan, Z., Walter, S. D., & McDonald, S. D. (2013). Vitamin D deficiency and depression in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry,3 202(2), 100-107.

  10. National Institutes of Health. (2024). Vitamin D: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. Office of Dietary Supplements.

  11. Sies, H. (2015). Oxidative stress: a concept in redox biology and medicine. Redox Biology, 4, 180-183.

  12. Harrison, F. E., & May, J. M. (2009). Vitamin C function in the brain: vital role of the ascorbate transporter SVCT2. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 46(6),4 719–730.

  13. La Fata, G., Weber, P., & Mohajeri, M. H. (2014). Effects of Vitamin E on Cognitive Performance during Ageing and in Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients, 6(12), 5453–5472.5

  14. National Institutes of Health. (2024). Vitamin C: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. Office of Dietary Supplements.

  15. National Institutes of Health. (2024). Vitamin E: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. Office of Dietary Supplements.
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1 comments

Jose @ Tue, Feb 25, 25

Well written article

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